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UnicodeWorks.com

Unicode Normalizer

Normalize text to NFC, NFD, NFKC or NFKD.

How it works

  • Choose NFC, NFD, NFKC or NFKD and the browser applies Unicode normalization to the entered string.
  • Canonical forms preserve canonical equivalence; compatibility forms can replace presentation distinctions with compatibility equivalents.

Example

  • A precomposed “é” and an “e” plus combining acute accent normalize to the same NFC form.

Assumptions and limitations

  • Normalization does not transliterate text or remove arbitrary diacritics.
  • NFKC/NFKD can intentionally change compatibility characters, so use them only when that behaviour fits the task.

FAQ

What is the difference between NFC and NFKC?

NFC performs canonical composition. NFKC also applies compatibility mappings, which can fold characters that are visually or semantically styled variants.

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